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JLPT N4 Grammar Point: 〜ば/〜なら

JLPT N4

This JLPT N4 grammar point explains how to use 〜ば/〜なら correctly, with formation rules and example sentences.

Pattern

Explanation

Used to indicate that when a certain condition is satisfied, a particular result or situation will occur.

Usage

Can describe hypothetical conditions or general truths. Often used with もし. Cannot be followed by expressions of the speaker’s intention or inducement when the condition clause contains an action verb.

Formation

Change the verb to its conditional (ば) form; for な-adjectives and nouns, attach なら.

Examples

駅まで歩け、15分くらいです。

えきまであるけば、じゅうごふんくらいです。

If you walk to the station, it takes about 15 minutes.

もし寒ければ、暖房をつけましょうか。

もしさむければ、だんぼうをつけましょうか。

If it’s cold, shall we turn on the heater?

旅行の計画なら、山田さんに相談するといいですよ。

りょこうのけいかくなら、やまださんにそうだんするといいですよ。

If it’s about travel plans, you should ask Yamada.

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