〜上（に）

JLPT N2

Pattern

Used to add one thing to another, usually with both clauses having the same positive or negative tone. Means 'in addition to'.

Cannot be used with imperative or volitional sentences. Both clauses must share similar tone (both good or both bad).

Attach to the plain form of verbs and adjectives. With な-adjectives or nouns, use である or の before 上に.

今日は仕事が忙しい上に、会議も三つある。

きょうはしごとがいそがしいうえに、かいぎもみっつある。

Today I’m busy with work, and on top of that, I have three meetings.

この部屋は静かな上に、日当たりもいい。

このへやはしずかなうえに、ひあたりもいい。

This room is not only quiet but also gets good sunlight.

彼は失礼な上に、時間にもルーズだ。

かれはしつれいなうえに、じかんにもルーズだ。

He’s not only rude, but also always late.